Ubukhulu bebhodi le-boron-polyethylene bungu-2cm-30cm. Insimu yalo yobuchwepheshe iwukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe benyukliya kokuvikelwa kwemisebe ye-ionizing. Ibhodi le-boron-polyethylene lisetshenziselwa ukuvikela ama-neutron asheshayo ensimini yemisebe ye-neutron, insimu yemisebe ye-neutron kanye ne-Y exubile emkhakheni wokuvikelwa kwemisebe ye-ionizing, ukuvimbela ukulimala kwemisebe kanye nomonakalo obangelwa imisebe ye-neutron kubasebenzi basemsebenzini kanye nomphakathi.
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe umphumela wokuvikela we-boron polyethylene ku-neutron esheshayo futhi kuxazululwe inkinga yokuthi kunzima ukukhiqiza ibhodi le-boron polyethylene kwezentengiselwano eShayina, kwasungulwa ibhodi le-polyethylene eliqukethe i-boron elinokuqukethwe kwe-boron okungu-8%. Ngokwesimiso sokuvikela ama-neutron asheshayo, njengoba isisindo esisele sama-neutron singu-1.0086649U, kuyilapho esama-athomu e-hydrogen (okungukuthi ama-proton) singu-1.007825 U [1], isisindo se-athomu sama-neutron siseduze nesama-athomu e-hydrogen. Ngakho-ke, lapho i-neutron esheshayo ishayisana ne-hydrogen nuclei emzimbeni wokuvikela, kulula ukulahlekelwa amandla ngokuwadlulisela ku-nucleus ye-athomu ye-hydrogen, wehlise ijubane lama-neutron asheshayo kuma-neutron ahamba kancane nama-neutron ashisayo. Lapho umzimba wokuvikela uqukethe i-hydrogen eningi, umphumela wokulawula uzoba namandla kakhulu. Phakathi kokuqukethwe kwe-hydrogen kwezinto zokuvikela ze-neutron ezisetshenziswa njalo, okuqukethwe kwe-hydrogen kwe-polyethylene kuphakeme kakhulu, kufika kuma-athomu angu-7.92x IO22 /cm3 gas. Ngakho-ke, i-polyethylene iyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvikela ama-neutron asheshayo. Ngemva kokuba ama-neutron asheshayo ehlehlisiwe abe ama-neutron ashisayo, izinto zokuvikela ezine-cross section enkulu yokumuncwa kwe-neutron eshisayo ngaphandle kwemisebe ye-Y enamandla aphezulu ziyadingeka ukuze kumuncwe ama-neutron ashisayo, ukuze kufezwe injongo yokuvikela ama-neutron asheshayo ngokuphelele. Ngenxa ye-cross section ephezulu yokumuncwa kwe-neutron eshisayo engu-(3840 lL)X10_24cm2[3], kanye nobuningi be-kiB ku-boron yemvelo bungu-18.98% [3], okulula ukuyithola, izinto eziqukethe i-boron zimunca kahle ama-neutron ashisayo.
Ukuvikelwa kwemisebe ye-neutron ezitshalweni zamandla enuzi, izisheshisi zamandla aphakathi nendawo (aphezulu), izipheshisi ze-athomu, imikhumbi-ngwenya yenuzi, izisheshisi zezokwelapha, imishini yokwelapha i-neutron nakwezinye izindawo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-31-2022
